strftime() - C語言庫函數
C庫函數 size_t strftime(char *str, size_t maxsize, const char *format, const struct tm *timeptr) 格式表示的時間結構timeptr根據定義格式並存儲到str格式規則。
聲明
以下是strftime() 函數的聲明。
size_t strftime(char *str, size_t maxsize, const char *format, const struct tm *timeptr)
參數
str -- 這是C字符串複製到目標數組的指針。
maxsize -- 這是給 str 要複製的字符的最大數目。
format -- 這是C字符串,其中包含常規字符和特殊格式說明符的任意組合。這些格式說明符該函數相應的值代替 tm 中指定的時間來表示。格式說明符:
指示符
取代
例子
%a
Abbreviated weekday name
Sun
%A
Full weekday name
Sunday
%b
Abbreviated month name
Mar
%B
Full month name
March
%c
Date and time representation
Sun Aug 19 02:56:02 2012
%d
Day of the month (01-31)
19
%H
Hour in 24h format (00-23)
14
%I
Hour in 12h format (01-12)
05
%j
Day of the year (001-366)
231
%m
Month as a decimal number (01-12)
08
%M
Minute (00-59)
55
%p
AM or PM designation
PM
%S
Second (00-61)
02
%U
Week number with the first Sunday as the first day of week one (00-53)
33
%w
Weekday as a decimal number with Sunday as 0 (0-6)
4
%W
Week number with the first Monday as the first day of week one (00-53)
34
%x
Date representation
08/19/12
%X
Time representation
02:50:06
%y
Year, last two digits (00-99)
01
%Y
Year
2012
%Z
Timezone name or abbreviation
CDT
%%
A % sign
%
- timeptr -- 這是爲tm結構的指針,它包含一個日曆時間分解成其組成部分,如下圖所示:
struct tm { int tm_sec; /* seconds, range 0 to 59 */ int tm_min; /* minutes, range 0 to 59 */ int tm_hour; /* hours, range 0 to 23 */ int tm_mday; /* day of the month, range 1 to 31 */ int tm_mon; /* month, range 0 to 11 */ int tm_year; /* The number of years since 1900 */ int tm_wday; /* day of the week, range 0 to 6 */ int tm_yday; /* day in the year, range 0 to 365 */ int tm_isdst; /* daylight saving time */ };
返回值
如果C字符串適合大小的字符(包括終止空字符)小於總數的字符複製到 str(不包括終止空字符),否則返回0。
例子
下面的例子演示瞭如何使用strftime() 函數。
#include <stdio.h> #include <time.h> int main () { time_t rawtime; struct tm *info; char buffer[80]; time( &rawtime ); info = localtime( &rawtime ); strftime(buffer,80,"%x - %I:%M%p", info); printf("Formatted date & time : |%s|
", buffer ); return(0); }
讓我們編譯和運行上面的程序,這將產生以下結果:
Formatted date & time : |08/23/12 - 12:40AM|