Java數組參數
數組參數
可以將數組作爲參數傳遞給方法或構造函數。傳遞給該方法的數組的類型必須是與形式參數類型兼容的賦值(即,形參和實參的數組類型要一樣。
以下代碼顯示瞭如何將數組作爲方法參數傳遞 -
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] num = { 1, 2 };
System.out.println("Before swap");
System.out.println("#1: " + num[0]);
System.out.println("#2: " + num[1]);
swap(num);
System.out.println("After swap");
System.out.println("#1: " + num[0]);
System.out.println("#2: " + num[1]);
}
public static void swap(int[] source) {
if (source != null && source.length == 2) {
// Swap the first and the second elements
int temp = source[0];
source[0] = source[1];
source[1] = temp;
}
}
}
上面的代碼生成以下結果。
Before swap
#1: 1
#2: 2
After swap
#1: 2
#2: 1
數組參數引用
因爲數組是一個對象,所以它的引用副本可傳遞給一個方法。如果方法更改數組參數,實際參數不受影響。
import java.util.Arrays;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] origNum = { 1, 2, 3 };
System.out.println("Before method call:" + Arrays.toString(origNum));
// Pass the array to the method
tryArrayChange(origNum);
System.out.println("After method call:" + Arrays.toString(origNum));
}
public static void tryArrayChange(int[] num) {
System.out.println("Inside method-1:" + Arrays.toString(num));
// Create and store a new int array in num
num = new int[] { 10, 20 };
System.out.println("Inside method?2:" + Arrays.toString(num));
}
}
上面的代碼生成以下結果。
Before method call:[1, 2, 3]
Inside method-1:[1, 2, 3]
Inside method?2:[10, 20]
After method call:[1, 2, 3]
數組的元素參數
存儲在數組參數中的元素的值在方法中可始終更改。以下代碼顯示瞭如何在方法中更改數組參數的元素值。
import java.util.Arrays;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] origNum = { 1, 2, 3 };
String[] origNames = { "Java", "SQL" };
System.out.println("Before method call, origNum:"
+ Arrays.toString(origNum));
System.out.println("Before method call, origNames:"
+ Arrays.toString(origNames));
// Call methods passing the arrays
tryElementChange(origNum);
tryElementChange(origNames);
System.out.println("After method call, origNum:"
+ Arrays.toString(origNum));
System.out.println("After method call, origNames:"
+ Arrays.toString(origNames));
}
public static void tryElementChange(int[] num) {
if (num != null && num.length > 0) {
num[0] = -1;
}
}
public static void tryElementChange(String[] names) {
if (names != null && names.length > 0) {
names[0] = "T";
}
}
}
上面的代碼生成以下結果。
Before method call, origNum:[1, 2, 3]
Before method call, origNames:[Java, SQL]
After method call, origNum:[-1, 2, 3]
After method call, origNames:[T, SQL]
示例
以下代碼顯示如何更改對象數組元素。
class Item {
private double price;
private String name;
public Item(String name, double initialPrice) {
this.name = name;
this.price = initialPrice;
}
public double getPrice() {
return this.price;
}
public void setPrice(double newPrice) {
this.price = newPrice;
}
public String toString() {
return "[" + this.name + ", " + this.price + "]";
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Item[] myItems = { new Item("Pen", 2.11), new Item("Pencil", 0.10) };
System.out.println("Before method call #1:" + myItems[0]);
System.out.println("Before method call #2:" + myItems[1]);
// Call the method passing the array of Item
tryStateChange(myItems);
System.out.println("After method call #1:" + myItems[0]);
System.out.println("After method call #2:" + myItems[1]);
}
public static void tryStateChange(Item[] allItems) {
if (allItems != null && allItems.length > 0) {
allItems[0].setPrice(0.38);
}
}
}
上面的代碼生成以下結果。
Before method call #1:[Pen, 2.11]
Before method call #2:[Pencil, 0.1]
After method call #1:[Pen, 0.38]
After method call #2:[Pencil, 0.1]