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Spring Boot教學
Spring Boot是什麼？
Spring Boot簡介
Spring Boot主要目標
Spring Boot快速入門
新項目爲什麼需要Spring Boot？
Spring Boot引導過程
Spring Boot核心和限制
Spring Boot Tomcat部署
Spring Boot優點和缺點
Spring Boot構建系統
Spring Boot入門
Spring Boot代碼結構
Spring Boot安裝
Spring Boot Bean和依賴注入
Spring Boot應用程序開發入門
Spring Boot運行器(Runner)
Spring Boot JSP應用實例
Spring Boot應用程序屬性
Spring Boot將WAR文件部署到Tomcat
Spring Boot日誌
Spring Boot Hello World(Thymeleaf)示例
Spring Boot構建RESTful Web服務
Spring Boot非web應用程序實例
Spring Boot異常處理
Spring Boot @ConfigurationProperties實例
Spring Boot攔截器
Spring Boot SLF4J日誌實例
Spring Boot Servlet過濾器
Spring Boot Ajax實例
Spring Boot Tomcat端口號
Spring Boot文件上傳示例（Ajax和REST）
Spring Boot Rest模板
Spring Boot文件上傳示例
Spring Boot文件處理
Spring Boot服務組件
Spring Boot Thymeleaf示例
Spring Boot使用RESTful Web服務
Spring Boot CORS支持
Spring Boot國際化
Spring Boot調度
Spring Boot啓用HTTPS
Spring Boot Eureka服務器
Spring Boost Eureka服務註冊
Spring Boot Zuul代理服務器和路由
Spring Boot雲配置服務器
Spring Boot雲配置客戶端
Spring Boot Actuator
Spring Boot管理服務器
Spring Boot管理客戶端
Spring Boot啓用Swagger2
Spring Boot創建Docker鏡像
Spring Boot跟蹤微服務日誌
Spring Boot Flyway數據庫
Spring Boot發送電子郵件
Spring Boot Hystrix
Spring Boot Web Socket
Spring Boot批量服務
Spring Boot Apache Kafka
Spring Boot單元測試用例
Spring Boot Rest控制器單元測試
Spring Boot數據庫源（連接數據庫）
Spring Boot保護Web應用程序
Spring Boot運行器(Runner)
Spring Boot應用程序屬性

Spring Boot JSP應用實例

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這是一個Spring Boot web應用程序示例，使用嵌入式Tomcat + JSP模板，並將包作爲可執行文件WAR文件發佈。

使用到的技術和工具如下:

  • Spring Boot 1.4.2.RELEASE
  • Spring 4.3.4.RELEASE
  • Tomcat Embed 8.5.6
  • Maven 3
  • Java 8

項目目錄

在這個示例中，是使用 Eclipse 來創建一個 Maven 項目，打開 Eclipse ，按照以下步驟：File -> New -> Other… 如下所示：
Spring

第二步，如下 -

Spring

第三步，填入相關信息 -

Spring

可參考 用Eclipse創建一個Maven Web項目： http://www.yiibai.com/maven/create-a-maven-web-project-with-eclipse.html

最終創建以下文件夾目錄結構如下所示：
Spring

項目依賴

Maven示例。閱讀以下 pom.xml 文件中的內容及註釋就知道了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
    http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-boot-web-jsp</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <name>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</name>
    <description>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</description>
    <url>http://www.yiibai.com</url>
    <version>1.0</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <!-- This is a web application -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Tomcat embedded container-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JSTL for JSP -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Need this to compile JSP -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Need this to compile JSP,
            tomcat-embed-jasper version is not working, no idea why -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler</groupId>
            <artifactId>ecj</artifactId>
            <version>4.6.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Optional, test for static content, bootstrap CSS-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
            <artifactId>bootstrap</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.7</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Package as an executable jar/war -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

執行後，顯示項目依賴關係：

F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp> mvn dependency:tree

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Spring Boot Web JSP Example 1.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.10:tree (default-cli) @ spring-boot-web-jsp ---
[INFO] org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-web-jsp:war:1.0
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.1.7:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.1.7:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:log4j-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.17:runtime
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:jar:5.2.4.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.3.3:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.8.4:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.8.4:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.8.4:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |     \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:provided
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] |  \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] +- javax.servlet:jstl:jar:1.2:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] +- org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler:ecj:jar:4.6.1:provided
[INFO] \- org.webjars:bootstrap:jar:3.3.7:compile
[INFO]    \- org.webjars:jquery:jar:1.11.1:compile
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.327 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-21 T16:57:00+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 20M/309M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Spring Boot

3.1 - 這個SpringBootServletInitializer執行傳統的WAR部署運行SpringApplication

SpringBootWebApplication.java文件內容如下所示 -

package com.yiibai;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootWebApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
        return application.sources(SpringBootWebApplication.class);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBootWebApplication.class, args);
    }

}

3.2 - 一個簡單的Spring控制器類。WelcomeController.java類的代碼如下所示 -

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class WelcomeController {

    // inject via application.properties
    @Value("${welcome.message:test}")
    private String message = "Hello World";

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String welcome(Map<String, Object> model) {
        model.put("message", this.message);
        return "welcome";
    }

}

4. JSP + 資源 + 靜態文件

4.1 - 對於JSP文件，把它們全放入到 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/ 目錄中。
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/welcome.jsp文件的內容如下所示 -

<!DOCTYPE html>
<%@ taglib prefix="spring" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
    <!-- Access the bootstrap Css like this,
        Spring boot will handle the resource mapping automcatically -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" />
    <!--
    <spring:url value="/css/main.css" var="springCss" />
    <link href="${springCss}" rel="stylesheet" />
     -->
    <c:url value="/css/main.css" var="jstlCss" />
    <link href="${jstlCss}" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
    <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
        <div class="container">
            <div class="navbar-header">
                <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Spring Boot</a>
            </div>
            <div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse">
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                    <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#about">About</a></li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
    </nav>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="starter-template">
            <h1>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</h1>
            <h2>Message: ${message}</h2>
        </div>
    </div>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

4.2 - 對於像CSS或Javascript這樣的靜態文件，放在 /src/main/resources/static/ 目錄中。/src/main/resources/static/css/main.css文件的內容如下所示 -

h1{
    color:#0000FF;
}
h2{
    color:#FF0000;
}

4.3 - 對於屬性文件，放在 /src/main/resources/ 目錄下， /src/main/resources/application.properties文件的內容如下所示 -

spring.mvc.view.prefix: /WEB-INF/jsp/
spring.mvc.view.suffix: .jsp

welcome.message: Hello Yiibai

注意
Spring Boot約定過配置，不需要像這樣聲明資源映射。資源映射只是自動處理。

運行實例

5.1 - 在終端下進入 F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp 目錄，執行以下命令，應該會看到以下結果 -

F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp>mvn spring-boot:run
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Spring Boot Web JSP Example 1.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ springboot-jsp >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp\springboot-jsp\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ springboot-jsp <<<
[INFO]
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ springboot-jsp ---

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
::Spring Boot::       (v1.4.2.RELEASE)

2017-01-21 11:53:26.321  INFO 6584 --- [           main] com.yiibai.SpringBootWebApplication      : Starting SpringBootWebApplication on MY-PC with PID 6584 (F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp\springboot-jsp\target\classes started by Administrator in F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp\springboot-jsp)
2017-01-21 11:53:26.336  INFO 6584 --- [           main] com.yiibai.SpringBootWebApplication      : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2017-01-21 11:53:26.477  INFO 6584 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@1614202d: startup date [Sat Jan 21 11:53:26 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-01-21 11:53:28.921  INFO 6584 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2017-01-21 11:53:28.937  INFO 6584 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2017-01-21 11:53:28.952  INFO 6584 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.6
2017-01-21 11:53:29.391  INFO 6584 --- [ost-startStop-1] org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner     : At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete list of JARs that were scanned but no TLDs were found in them. Skipping unneeded JARs during scanning can improve startup time and JSP compilation time.
2017-01-21 11:53:29.406  INFO 6584 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2017-01-21 11:53:29.406  INFO 6584 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2929 ms
2017-01-21 11:53:29.672  INFO 6584 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
2017-01-21 11:53:29.672  INFO 6584 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2017-01-21 11:53:29.672  INFO 6584 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2017-01-21 11:53:29.688  INFO 6584 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]
2017-01-21 11:53:29.688  INFO 6584 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
2017-01-21 11:53:30.148  INFO 6584 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@1614202d: startup date [Sat Jan 21 11:53:26 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-01-21 11:53:30.258  INFO 6584 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/]}" onto public java.lang.String com.yiibai.WelcomeController.welcome(java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>)
2017-01-21 11:53:30.258  INFO 6584 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2017-01-21 11:53:30.273  INFO 6584 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2017-01-21 11:53:30.320  INFO 6584 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-01-21 11:53:30.336  INFO 6584 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-01-21 11:53:30.383  INFO 6584 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-01-21 11:53:30.601  INFO 6584 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2017-01-21 11:53:30.787  INFO 6584 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
2017-01-21 11:53:30.787  INFO 6584 --- [           main] com.yiibai.SpringBootWebApplication      : Started SpringBootWebApplication in 5.411 seconds (JVM running for 9.678)

之後，將項目發佈到 Tomcat 中，在項目上點擊右鍵，在彈出的選項中選擇「Run As -> Ru On Server」 ，使用瀏覽器訪問：http://localhost:8080/springboot-jsp/ ，如果程序沒有出錯誤，那應該會看到以下結果 -

Spring

JSP限制
不能創建可執行jar來運行這個嵌入式Tomcat + JSP Web示例，因爲Tomcat中有一個硬編碼文件模式。 閱讀以下這篇文章：Spring Boot JSP限制。

Spring Boot運行器(Runner)
Spring Boot應用程序屬性