Spring Boot保護Web應用程序
如果在類路徑上添加了Spring Boot Security依賴項,則Spring Boot應用程序會自動爲所有HTTP端點提供基本身份驗證。端點「/」
和「/home」
不需要任何身份驗證。所有其他端點都需要身份驗證。
要將Spring Boot Security添加到Spring Boot應用程序,需要在構建配置文件中添加Spring Boot Starter Security依賴項。
Maven用戶可以在pom.xml 文件中添加以下依賴項。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
Gradle用戶可以在build.gradle 文件中添加以下依賴項。
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security")
保護Web應用程序
首先,使用Thymeleaf模板創建不安全的Web應用程序。
然後,在 src/main/resources/templates 目錄下創建一個home.html
文件。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:th = "http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec = "http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
<head>
<title>Spring Security示例</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>歡迎您!</h1>
<p>點擊 <a th:href = "@{/hello}">這裏</a> 看到問候語.</p>
</body>
</html>
使用Thymeleaf模板在HTML文件中定義的簡單視圖/hello
。現在,在src/main/resources/templates
目錄下創建一個文件:hello.html。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:th = "http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec = "http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
<head>
<title>Hello World!</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello world!</h1>
</body>
</html>
現在,需要爲Home和hello視圖設置Spring MVC - View控制器。爲此,創建一個擴展WebMvcConfigurerAdapter
的MVC配置文件。
package com.yiibai.websecuritydemo;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
@Configuration
public class MvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/home").setViewName("home");
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("home");
registry.addViewController("/hello").setViewName("hello");
registry.addViewController("/login").setViewName("login");
}
}
現在,將Spring Boot Starter安全依賴項添加到構建配置文件中。Maven用戶可以在pom.xml 文件中添加以下依賴項。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
Gradle用戶可以在build.gradle 文件中添加以下依賴項。
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security")
現在,創建一個Web安全配置文件,該文件用於保護應用程序以使用基本身份驗證訪問HTTP端點。
package com.yiibai.websecuritydemo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/", "/home").permitAll()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginPage("/login")
.permitAll()
.and()
.logout()
.permitAll();
}
@Autowired
public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth
.inMemoryAuthentication()
.withUser("user").password("password").roles("USER");
}
}
現在,在src/main/resources 目錄下創建一個login.html 文件,以允許用戶通過登錄屏幕訪問HTTP端點。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th = "http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec = "http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
<head>
<title>Spring Security示例</title>
</head>
<body>
<div th:if = "${param.error}">
無效的用戶名和密碼.
</div>
<div th:if = "${param.logout}">
你已經註銷.
</div>
<form th:action = "@{/login}" method = "post">
<div>
<label> 用戶名 : <input type = "text" name = "username"/> </label>
</div>
<div>
<label> 密碼: <input type = "password" name = "password"/> </label>
</div>
<div>
<input type = "submit" value = "登錄"/>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
最後,更新hello.html 文件 - 允許用戶從應用程序註銷並顯示當前用戶名,如下所示 -
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th = "http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec = "http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
<head>
<title>Hello World!</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 th:inline = "text">您好,[[${#httpServletRequest.remoteUser}]]!</h1>
<form th:action = "@{/logout}" method = "post">
<input type = "submit" value = "註銷"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
主 Spring Boot應用程序的代碼如下 -
package com.yiibai.websecuritydemo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class WebsecurityDemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(WebsecurityDemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
下面給出了構建配置文件的完整代碼。
Maven構建文件 - pom.xml 的內容如下:
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yiibai</groupId>
<artifactId>websecurity-demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>websecurity-demo</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Gradle構建文件 – build.gradle
buildscript {
ext {
springBootVersion = '1.5.9.RELEASE'
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
}
}
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
group = 'com.yiibai'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security')
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf')
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
testCompile('org.springframework.security:spring-security-test')
}
現在,創建一個可執行的JAR文件,並使用以下Maven或Gradle命令運行Spring Boot應用程序。
Maven用戶請使用下面給出的命令 -
mvn clean install
在「BUILD SUCCESS」之後,可以在target
目錄下找到JAR文件。
Gradle用戶可以使用如下所示的命令 -
gradle clean build
在「BUILD SUCCESSFUL」之後,可以在build/libs 目錄下找到JAR文件。
現在,使用下面顯示的命令運行JAR文件 -
java –jar <JARFILE>
在Web瀏覽器中訪問URL => http://localhost:8080/
,將看到如下圖所示。
輸入用戶名和密碼(user
/password
),然後點擊登錄 -
看到問候語如下: